Camera optical lens

ABSTRACT

Disclosed is a camera optical lens. The camera optical lens includes nine lenses in total, and the nine lenses from an object side to an image side are: a first lens with a negative refractive power, a second lens, a third lens with a positive refractive power, a fourth lens, a fifth lens with a negative refractive power, a sixth lens with a positive refractive power, a seventh lens with a negative refractive power, an eighth lens with a positive refractive power and an ninth lens with a negative refractive power. The camera optical lens satisfies: −1.80≤f1/f≤−0.60; 2.00≤d5/d6≤8.00; 3.50≤f6/f≤6.00. The camera optical lens has good optical performance, and meets the design requirements of a large aperture, wide-angle and ultra-thin.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to the field of optical lens, particular, to a camera optical lens suitable for handheld devices, such as smart phones and digital cameras, and imaging devices, such as monitors or PC lenses.

BACKGROUND

With the emergence of smart phones in recent years, the demand for miniature camera lens is increasing day by day, but in general the photosensitive devices of camera lens are nothing more than a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor sensor (CMOS sensor), and as the progress of the semiconductor manufacturing technology makes the pixel size of the photosensitive devices become smaller, plus the current development trend of electronic products towards better functions and thinner and smaller dimensions, miniature camera lens with good imaging quality therefore have become a mainstream in the market.

In order to obtain better imaging quality, the lens that is traditionally equipped in mobile phone cameras adopts a structure of a three-piece, four-piece, or even five-piece, or six-piece lens. Also, with the development of technology and the increase of the diverse demands of users, and as the pixel area of photosensitive devices is becoming smaller and smaller and the requirement of the system on the imaging quality is improving constantly, a nine-piece lens structure gradually appears in lens designs. The present nine-piece lens structure generally has good optical performance, however an optical focal length, lens spacing, a lens shape thereof are still arranged unreasonably, so that the nine-piece lens structure cannot meet a design requirements of a large aperture, ultra-thin and wide-angle in the case when the lens structure remains good optical characteristics.

SUMMARY

Some embodiments of this disclosure provide a camera optical lens comprising nine lenses, the nine lenses from an object side to an image side being: a first lens having a negative refractive power; a second lens having a positive refractive power; a third lens having a positive refractive power; a fourth lens; a fifth lens with a negative refractive power; a sixth lens with a positive refractive power; a seventh lens with a negative refractive power; an eighth lens with a positive refractive power; and an ninth lens with a negative refractive power; wherein the camera optical lens satisfies following conditions: -1.80≤f1/f≤−0.60; 2.00≤d5/d6≤8.00; 3.50≤f6/f≤6.00; where f denotes a focal length of the camera optical lens; f1 denotes a focal length of the first lens; f6 denotes a focal length of the sixth lens; d5 denotes an on-axis thickness of the third lens; d6 denotes an on-axis distance from an image-side surface of the third lens to an object-side surface of the fourth lens.

As an improvement, the camera optical lens further satisfies following conditions: 0.20≤R7/R8≤3.50; where R7 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the fourth lens; R8 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the fourth lens.

As an improvement, the camera optical lens further satisfies following conditions: 0.11≤(R1+R2)/(R1−R2)≤1.88; 0.01≤d1/TTL≤0.03; where R1 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the first lens; R2 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the first lens; d1 denotes an on-axis thickness of the first lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.

As an improvement, the camera optical lens further satisfies following conditions: 0.54≤f2/f≤5.71; −20.63≤(R3+R4)/(R3−R4)≤−1.37; 0.01≤d3/TTL≤0.04; where f2 denotes a focal length of the second lens; R3 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the second lens; R4 denotes a central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the second lens; d3 denotes an on-axis thickness of the second lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.

As an improvement, the camera optical lens further satisfies following conditions: 0.36≤f3/f≤1.62; −1.59≤(R5+R6)/(R5−R6)≤−0.11; 0.04≤d5/TTL≤0.15; where f3 denotes a focal length of the third lens; R5 denotes a central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the third lens; R6 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the third lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.

As an improvement, the camera optical lens further satisfies following conditions: −4.23≤f4/f≤4.59; −7.26≤(R7+R8)/(R7−R8)≤3.00; 0.02≤d7/TTL≤0.06; where f4 denotes a focal length of the fourth lens; R7 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the fourth lens; R8 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the fourth lens; d7 denotes an on-axis thickness of the fourth lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.

As an improvement, the camera optical lens further satisfies following conditions: −25.99≤f5/f≤−5.85; 1.69≤(R9+R10)/(R9−R10)≤6.48; 0.01≤d9/TTL≤0.04; where f5 denotes a focal length of the fifth lens; R9 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the fifth lens; R10 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the fifth lens; d9 denotes an on-axis thickness of the fifth lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.

As an improvement, the camera optical lens further satisfies following conditions: 0.47≤(R11+R12)/(R11−R12)≤1.64; 0.05≤d11/TTL≤0.20; where R11 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the sixth lens; R12 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the sixth lens; d11 denotes an on-axis thickness of the sixth lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.

As an improvement, the camera optical lens further satisfies following conditions: −3.76≤f7/f≤−0.92; 0.39≤(R13+R14)/(R13−R14)≤2.55; 0.01≤d13/TTL≤0.09; where f7 denotes a focal length of the seventh lens; R13 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the seventh lens; R14 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the seventh lens; d13 denotes an on-axis thickness of the seventh lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.

As an improvement, the camera optical lens further satisfies following conditions: 0.45≤f8/f≤1.76; −8.55≤(R15+R16)/(R15-R16)≤−2.07; 0.05≤d15/TTL≤0.20; where f8 denotes a focal length of the eighth lens; R15 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the eighth lens; R16 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the eighth lens; d15 denotes an on-axis thickness of the eighth lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.

As an improvement, the camera optical lens further satisfies following conditions: −2.03≤f9/f≤−0.59; 0.09≤(R17+R18)/(R17−R18)≤0.39; 0.02≤d17/TTL≤0.09; where f9 denotes a focal length of the ninth lens; R17 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the ninth lens; R18 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the ninth lens; d17 denotes an on-axis thickness of the ninth lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

In order to make more clearly technical solutions of embodiments in the present disclosure, accompanying drawings, which are used in the description of the embodiments, will be described briefly in the following. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some examples of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art, without creative work, may obtain other drawings based on these drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a camera optical lens according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal aberration of the camera optical lens shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a lateral color of the camera optical lens shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a field curvature and a distortion of the camera optical lens shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a camera optical lens according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal aberration of the camera optical lens shown in FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a lateral color of the camera optical lens shown in FIG. 5.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a field curvature and a distortion of the camera optical lens shown in FIG. 5.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a camera optical lens according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal aberration of the camera optical lens shown in FIG. 9.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a lateral color of the camera optical lens shown in FIG. 9.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a field curvature and a distortion of the camera optical lens shown in FIG. 9.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a camera optical lens according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal aberration of the camera optical lens shown in FIG. 13.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a lateral color of the camera optical lens shown in FIG. 13.

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a field curvature and a distortion of the camera optical lens shown in FIG. 13.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

To make the objects, technical solutions, and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to accompanying drawings in the following. A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, many technical details are provided to make readers better understand the present disclosure. However, even without these technical details and any changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, technical solutions required to be protected by the present disclosure can be implemented.

Frist Embodiment

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the present disclosure provides a camera optical lens 10. FIG. 1 shows the camera optical lens 10 of the first embodiment of the present disclosure, and the camera optical lens 10 includes nine lenses. Specifically, the camera optical lens 10 includes, from an object side to an image side: an aperture S1, a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, a sixth lens L6, a seventh lens L7, an eighth lens L8 and an ninth lens L9. An optical element, such as an optical filter GF, may be arranged between the ninth lens L9 and an image surface S1.

In this embodiment, the first lens L1 has a negative refractive power, the second lens L2 has a positive refractive power, the third lens L3 has a positive refractive power, the fourth lens L4 has a negative refractive power, the fifth lens L5 has a negative refractive power, the sixth lens L6 has a positive refractive power, the seventh lens L7 has a negative refractive power, the eighth lens L8 has a positive refractive power, and the ninth lens L9 has a negative refractive power. In this embodiment, the second lens L2 has a positive refractive power, conducing to improve the performance of the optical system.

In this embodiment, the first lens L1, the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, the fifth lens L5, the sixth lens L6, the seventh lens L7, the eighth lens L8, and the ninth lens L9 are all made of plastic material. In other embodiments, the lenses may also be made of other materials.

In this embodiment, a focal length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as f, and a focal length of the first lens L1 is defined as f1. The camera optical lens 10 satisfies a condition of −1.80≤f1/f≤−0.60, which specifies a ratio between the focal length f1 of the first lens L1 and the focal length f of the camera optical lens 10, effectively balancing spherical aberration and field curvature amount of the camera optical lens 10 in this range.

An on-axis thickness of the third lens L3 is defined as d5, an on-axis distance from an image-side surface of the third lens L3 to an object-side surface of the fourth lens L4 is defined as d6, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 2.00≤d5/d6≤8.00, which specifies a ratio between the on-axis thickness d5 of the third lens L3 and an on-axis distance d6 from an image-side surface of the third lens L3 to an object-side surface of the fourth lens L4, conducing to compress the total track length and achieve an ultra-thin effect in this range. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 2.10≤d5/d6≤7.90.

A focal length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as f, a focal length of the sixth lens L6 is defined as f6, and the camera optical lens satisfies a condition of 3.50≤f6/f≤6.00, which specifies a ratio between the focal length f6 of the sixth lens L6 and the focal length f of the camera optical lens 10. In this way, the focal length is distributed appropriately, so that the camera optical lens can attain a better imaging quality and a lower sensitivity. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 3.72≤f6/f≤5.81.

A central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the fourth lens L4 is defined as R7, a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the fourth lens L4 is defined as R8, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.20≤R7/R8≤3.50, which specifies a shape of the fourth lens L4. Within this range, the deflection of light passing through the lens can be eased and aberrations can be effectively reduced.

In this embodiment, the object-side surface of the first lens L1 is convex in a paraxial region, and the image-side surface of the first lens L1 is concave in the paraxial region.

A central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the first lens L1 is defined as R1, a central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the first lens L1 is defined as R2, and the camera optical lens satisfies a condition of 0.11≤(R1+R2)/(R1−R2)≤1.88, which reasonably controls a shape of the first lens L1, so that the first lens L1 can effectively correct system spherical aberration. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 satisfies a condition of 0.17≤(R1+R2)/(R1−R2)≤1.50.

An on-axis thickness of the first lens L1 is defined as d1, a total track length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as TTL, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.01≤d1/TTL≤0.03, conducing to realize an ultra-thin effect in this range. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.01≤d1/TTL≤0.02.

In this embodiment, an object-side surface of the second lens L2 is convex in the paraxial region, and an image-side surface of the second lens L2 is concave in the paraxial region.

The focal length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as f, a focal length of the second lens L2 is defined as f2, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.54≤f2/f≤5.71. In this way, a positive refractive power of the second lens L2 is controlled within a reasonable range, so that it is beneficial to correct the aberration of the optical system. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.86≤f2/f≤4.57.

A central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the second lens L2 is defined as R3, a central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the second lens L2 is defined as R4, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −20.63≤(R3+R4)/(R3−R4)≤−1.37, which specifies a shape of the second lens L2. Within this range, a development towards ultra-thin and wide-angle lenses would facilitate correcting the problem of an on-axis aberration. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −12.89≤(R3+R4)/(R3−R4)≤−1.72.

A total track length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as TTL, an on-axis thickness of the second lens L2 is defined as d3, and the camera optical lens 10 satisfies a condition of 0.01≤d3/TTL≤0.04. Within this range, it is beneficial to achieve ultra-thin lenses. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.02≤d3/TTL≤0.03.

In an embodiment, an object-side surface of the third lens L3 is convex in the paraxial region, and an image-side surface of the third lens L3 is convex in the paraxial region.

The focal length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as f, a focal length of the third lens L3 is defined as f3, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.36≤f3/f≤1.62. In this way, a refractive power is distributed appropriately, so that the camera optical lens can attain a better imaging quality and a lower sensitivity. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.57≤f3/f≤1.30.

A central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the third lens L3 is defined as R5, a central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the third lens L3 is defined as R6, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −1.59≤(R5+R6)/(R5−R6)≤−0.11, which specifies a shape of the third lens L3. Within this range, the deflection of light passing through the lens can be eased and aberrations can be effectively reduced. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −0.99≤(R5+R6)/(R5−R6)≤−0.14.

The total track length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as TTL, an on-axis thickness of the third lens L3 is defined as d5, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.04≤d5/TTL≤0.15. This can facilitate achieving ultra-thin lenses. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.07≤d5/TTL≤0.12.

In an embodiment, an object-side surface of the fourth lens L4 is convex in the paraxial region, and an image-side surface of the fourth lens L4 is concave in the paraxial region.

A focal length of the fourth lens L4 is defined as f4, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −4.23≤f4/f≤4.59, which specifies a ratio between the focal length f4 of the fourth lens L4 and the focal length f of the camera optical lens 10. In this way, a focal length is distributed appropriately, so that the camera optical lens can attain a better imaging quality and a lower sensitivity. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −2.64≤f4/f≤3.67.

A central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the fourth lens L4 is defined as R7, a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the fourth lens L4 is defined as R8, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −7.26≤(R7+R8)/(R7−R8)≤3.00, which specifies a shape of the fourth lens L4. Within this range, a development towards ultra-thin and wide-angle lens would facilitate correcting problems such as an off-axis aberration. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −4.54≤(R7+R8)/(R7−R8)≤2.40.

The total track length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as TTL, an on-axis thickness of the fourth lens L4 is defined as d7, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.02≤d7/TTL≤0.06. Within this range, this can facilitate achieving ultra-thin lenses. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.03≤d7/TTL≤0.05.

In an embodiment, an object-side surface of the fifth lens L5 is convex in the paraxial region, and an image-side surface of the fifth lens L5 is concave in the paraxial region.

The focal length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as f, a focal length of the fifth lens L5 is defined as f5, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −25.99≤f5/f≤−5.85, which can effectively make a light angle of the camera optical lens 10 gentle and reduce an tolerance sensitivity. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −16.25≤f5/f≤−7.31.

A central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the fifth lens L5 is defined as R9, a central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the fifth lens L5 is defined as R10, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 1.69≤(R9+R10)/(R9−R10)≤6.48, which specifies a shape of the fifth lens L5. Within this range, a development towards ultra-thin and wide-angle lenses can facilitate correcting a problem of the off-axis aberration. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 2.71≤(R9+R10)/(R9−R10)≤5.18.

The total track length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as TTL, an on-axis thickness of the fifth lens L5 is defined as d9, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.01≤d9/TTL≤0.04. Within this range, this can facilitate achieving ultra-thin lenses. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.02≤d9/TTL≤0.03.

In an embodiment, an object-side surface of the sixth lens L6 is concave in the paraxial region, and an image-side surface of the sixth lens L6 is convex in the paraxial region.

A central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the sixth lens L6 is defined as R11, a central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the sixth lens L6 is defined as R12, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.47≤(R11+R12)/(R11−R12)≤1.64, which specifies a shape of the sixth lens L6. Within this range, a development towards ultra-thin and wide-angle lenses would facilitate correcting a problem like the off-axis aberration. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.75≤(R11+R12)/(R11−R12)≤1.31.

The total track length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as TTL, an on-axis thickness of the sixth lens L6 is defined as d11, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.05≤d11/TTL≤0.20. Within this range, this can facilitate achieving ultra-thin lenses. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.08≤d11/TTL≤0.16.

In an embodiment, an object-side surface of the seventh lens L7 is concave in the paraxial region, and an image-side surface of the seventh lens L7 is concave in the paraxial region.

The focal length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as f, a focal length of seventh lens L7 is defined as f7, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −3.76≤f7/f≤−0.92. Within this range, a refractive power is distributed appropriately, so that the system can attain the better imaging quality and lower sensitivity. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −2.35≤f7/f≤−1.15.

A central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the seventh lens L7 is defined as R13, a central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the seventh lens L7 is defined as R14, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.39≤(R13+R14)/(R13-R14)≤2.55, which specifies a shape of the seventh lens L7. Within this specified range, the deflection of light passing through the lens can be eased and aberrations can be effectively reduced. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.63≤(R13+R14)/(R13-R14)≤2.04.

The total track length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as TTL, an on-axis thickness of the seventh lens L7 is defined as d13, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.01≤d13/TTL≤0.09. Within this range, it is beneficial to achieve ultra-thin lenses. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.02≤d13/TTL≤0.07.

In an embodiment, an object-side surface of the eighth lens L8 is convex in the paraxial region, and an image-side surface of eighth lens L8 is concave in the paraxial region.

The focal length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as f, a focal length of eighth lens L8 is defined as f8, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.45≤f8/f≤1.76. In this way, a refractive power is distributed appropriately, so that the camera optical lens can attain a better imaging quality and a lower sensitivity. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.72≤f8/f≤1.41.

A central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the eighth lens L8 is defined as R15, a central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the sixth lens L8 is defined as R16, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −8.55≤(R15+R16)/(R15-R16)≤−2.07, which specifies a shape of the eighth lens L8. Within this range, a development towards ultra-thin and wide-angle lenses would facilitate correcting a problem like the off-axis aberration. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −5.34≤(R15+R16)/(R15-R16)≤−2.59.

The total track length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as TTL, an on-axis thickness of the eighth lens L8 is defined as d15, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.05≤d15/TTL≤0.20. Within this range, this can facilitate achieving ultra-thin lenses. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.08≤d15/TTL≤0.16.

In an embodiment, an object-side surface of the ninth lens L9 is concave in the paraxial region, and an image-side surface of ninth lens L9 is concave in the paraxial region.

The focal length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as f, a focal length of the ninth lens L9 is defined as f9, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −2.03≤f9/f≤−0.59. In this way, a refractive power is distributed appropriately, so that the camera optical lens can attain a better imaging quality and a lower sensitivity. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of −1.27≤f9/f≤−0.74.

A central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the ninth lens L9 is defined as R17, a central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the ninth lens L9 is defined as R18, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.09≤(R17+R18)/(R17-R18)≤0.39, which specifies a shape of the ninth lens L9. Within this range, a development towards ultra-thin and wide-angle lenses would facilitate correcting a problem like the off-axis aberration. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.14≤(R17+R18)/(R17-R18)≤0.31.

The total track length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as TTL, an on-axis thickness of the ninth lens L9 is defined as d17, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.02≤d17/TTL≤0.09. Within this range, this can facilitate achieving ultra-thin lenses. Preferably, the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of 0.03≤d17/TTL≤0.07.

In an embodiment, an image height of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as IH, the total track length of the camera optical lens 10 is defined as TTL, and the camera optical lens 10 further satisfies a condition of TTL/IH≤1.77, thus facilitating to achieve ultra-thin lenses.

In an embodiment, an FOV (field of view) of the camera optical lens 10 is greater than or equal to 77.00°, thereby achieving a wide-angle and a better imaging performance of the camera optical lens 10.

In an embodiment, an aperture value FNO of the camera optical lens 10 is less than or equal to 2.00, thereby achieving a large aperture and a better imaging performance of the camera optical lens 10.

It can be understood that, in other embodiments, for the first lens L1, the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, the fifth lens L5, the sixth lens L6, the seventh lens L7, the eighth lens L8, and the ninth lens L9, surface profiles of an object-side surface and an image-side surface respectively may be configured in other convex or concave arrangement.

When the above condition is satisfied, the camera optical lens 10 can meet the design requirements of a large aperture, wide-angle and ultra-thin in the case that a good optical performance is maintained. According to characteristics of the camera optical lens 10, the camera optical lens 10 is particularly suitable for mobile phone camera lens components and WEB camera lenses composed of camera elements such as CCD and CMOS with high pixel.

In the following, examples will be used to describe the camera optical lens 10 of the present disclosure. The symbols recorded in each example will be described as follows. The focal length, on-axis distance, central curvature radius, on-axis thickness, inflexion point position, and arrest point position are all in units of mm.

TTL refers to an total track length (an on-axis distance from an object-side surface of the first lens L1 to an image surface S1) in units of mm.

Aperture value FNO refers to a ratio of an effective focal length of the camera optical lens to an entrance pupil diameter.

Preferably, inflexion points and/or arrest points can be arranged on the object-side surface and/or the image-side surface of the lens, so as to satisfy the demand for high quality imaging. The description below may be referred for specific implementations.

The design data of the camera optical lens 10 in the first embodiment of the present disclosure are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

TABLE 1 R d nd vd S1 ∞ d0= 0.100 R1 59.327 d1= 0.200 nd1 1.5444 v1 55.82 R2 6.640 d2= 0.030 R3 3.686 d3= 0.210 nd2 1.6449 v2 22.54 R4 4.593 d4= 0.030 R5 4.948 d5= 0.932 nd3 1.5444 v3 55.82 R6 −6.971 d6= 0.118 R7 23.446 d7= 0.445 nd4 1.6359 v4 23.82 R8 6.841 d8= 1.747 R9 36.943 d9= 0.250 nd5 1.6153 v5 25.94 R10 23.052 d10= 0.142 R11 −743.459 d11= 1.443 nd6 1.5346 v6 55.69 R12 −22.383 d12= 0.030 R13 −87.445 d13= 0.678 nd7 1.6610 v7 20.53 R14 10.388 d14= 0.265 R15 2.385 d15= 1.502 nd8 1.5661 v8 37.71 R16 4.650 d16= 1.828 R17 −11.442 d17= 0.680 nd9 1.6701 v9 19.39 R18 8.093 d18= 0.100 R19 ∞ d19= 0.210 ndg 1.5168 vg 64.17 R20 ∞ d20= 0.257

In the table, meanings of various symbols will be described as follows:

S1: aperture;

R: curvature radius at a center of an optical surface;

R1: central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the first lens L1;

R2: central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the first lens L1;

R3: central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the second lens L2;

R4: central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the second lens L2;

R5: central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the third lens L3;

R6: central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the third lens L3;

R7: central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the fourth lens L4;

R8: central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the fourth lens L4;

R9: central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the fifth lens L5;

R10: central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the fifth lens L5;

R11: central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the sixth lens L6;

R12: central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the sixth lens L6;

R13: central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the seventh lens L7;

R14: central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the seventh lens L7;

R15: central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the eighth lens L8;

R16: central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the eighth lens L8;

R17: central curvature radius of the object-side surface of the ninth lens L9;

R18: central curvature radius of the image-side surface of the ninth lens L9;

R19: central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the optical filter GF;

R20: central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the optical filter GF;

d: on-axis thickness of a lens, or an on-axis distance between lenses;

d0: on-axis distance from the aperture S1 to the object-side surface of the first lens L1;

d1: on-axis thickness of the first lens L1;

d2: on-axis distance from the image-side surface of the first lens L1 to the object-side surface of the second lens L2;

d3: on-axis thickness of the second lens L2;

d4: on-axis distance from the image-side surface of the second lens L2 to the object-side surface of the third lens L3;

d5: on-axis thickness of the third lens L3;

d6: on-axis distance from the image-side surface of the third lens L3 to the object-side surface of the fourth lens L4;

d7: on-axis thickness of the fourth lens L4;

d8: on-axis distance from the image-side surface of the fourth lens L4 to the object-side surface of the fifth lens L5;

d9: on-axis thickness of the fifth lens L5;

d10: on-axis distance from the image-side surface of the fifth lens L5 to the object-side surface of the sixth lens L6;

d11: on-axis thickness of the sixth lens L6;

d12: on-axis distance from the image-side surface of the sixth lens L6 to the object-side surface of the seventh lens L7;

d13: on-axis thickness of the seventh lens L7;

d14: on-axis distance from the image-side surface of the seventh lens L7 to the object-side surface of the eighth lens L8;

d15: on-axis thickness of the seventh lens L8;

d16: on-axis distance from the image-side surface of the eighth lens L8 to the object-side surface of the ninth lens L9;

d17: on-axis thickness of the ninth lens L9;

d18: on-axis distance from the image-side surface of the ninth lens L9 to the object-side surface of the optical filter GF;

d19: on-axis thickness of the optical filter GF;

d20: on-axis distance from the image-side surface of the optical filter GF to the image surface S1;

nd: refractive index of a d line;

nd1: refractive index of the d line of the first lens L1;

nd2: refractive index of the d line of the second lens L2;

nd3: refractive index of the d line of the third lens L3;

nd4: refractive index of the d line of the fourth lens L4;

nd5: refractive index of the d line of the fifth lens L5;

nd6: refractive index of the d line of the sixth lens L6;

nd7: refractive index of the d line of the seventh lens L7;

nd8: refractive index of the d line of the eighth lens L8;

nd9: refractive index of the d line of the ninth lens L9;

ndg: refractive index of the d line of the optical filter GF;

vd: abbe number;

v1: abbe number of the first lens L1;

v2: abbe number of the second lens L2;

v3: abbe number of the third lens L3;

v4: abbe number of the fourth lens L4;

v5: abbe number of the fifth lens L5;

v6: abbe number of the sixth lens L6;

v7: abbe number of the seventh lens L7;

v8: abbe number of the eighth lens L8;

v9: abbe number of the ninth lens L9;

vg: abbe number of the optical filter GF.

Table 2 shows aspherical surface data of the camera optical lens 10 in the first embodiment of the present disclosure.

TABLE 2 Conic coefficient Aspheric surface coefficients k A4 A6 A8 A10 A12 R1 7.7869E+01 −8.8600E−05  4.5887E−03 −7.2169E−03   4.0917E−03 −1.2108E−03  R2 8.6505E+00 −5.5948E−02  9.0025E−02 −9.4443E−02   5.9998E−02 −2.4424E−02  R3 1.9360E+00 −4.5330E−02  3.6370E−02 −2.1934E−02   5.6037E−03 4.3200E−04 R4 −3.9149E+00   6.0490E−02 −1.4287E−01 1.7162E−01 −1.2228E−01 5.4744E−02 R5 3.9332E+00  5.5921E−02 −1.2975E−01 1.4226E−01 −9.3857E−02 3.9175E−02 R6 −1.2372E+01   4.5980E−03 −9.0335E−03 6.6574E−03 −3.1531E−03 1.1008E−03 R7 −8.7665E+01   2.9470E−03 −7.4722E−03 6.3832E−03 −3.0691E−03 8.2926E−04 R8 6.1479E+00 −8.8632E−03  1.1785E−04 7.1313E−04 −3.8656E−04 5.5883E−05 R9 1.7500E+02  5.6816E−03 −1.3878E−02 6.2011E−03 −1.9209E−03 4.1322E−04 R10 5.6108E+01  2.0759E−02 −2.0409E−02 8.2695E−03 −2.3761E−03 4.9175E−04 R11 1.6942E+02  8.7262E−03 −5.1994E−03 1.2814E−03 −2.0188E−04 2.6903E−05 R12 4.7195E+01 −3.1708E−02  1.2327E−02 −4.3482E−03   1.1075E−03 −2.0053E−04  R13 −7.9096E+01  −3.2160E−03  3.4582E−03 −1.2528E−03   2.9684E−04 −4.9768E−05  R14 −2.0000E+02  −6.7793E−03  1.9824E−03 −2.5519E−04   2.5899E−05 −2.7024E−06  R15 −6.5749E+00   4.8421E−03 −3.1602E−03 7.1590E−04 −1.4204E−04 2.0396E−05 R16 −2.6075E+00   5.7684E−03 −1.8441E−03 2.1523E−04 −1.5234E−05 6.9076E−07 R17 3.0076E−01 −1.2212E−02  2.3787E−03 −2.1838E−04   1.3315E−05 −5.7923E−07  R18 −1.2515E+00  −1.1134E−02  1.2115E−03 −8.5243E−05   3.6436E−06 −9.2179E−08  Conic coefficient Aspheric surface coefficients k A14 A16 A18 A20 R1 7.7869E+01  1.8324E−04 −1.1222E−05   0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 R2 8.6505E+00  6.4266E−03 −1.0692E−03   1.0356E−04 −4.5216E−06  R3 1.9360E+00 −6.5942E−04 1.5576E−04 −1.3171E−05 1.3772E−07 R4 −3.9149E+00  −1.5616E−02 2.7555E−03 −2.7402E−04 1.1739E−05 R5 3.9332E+00 −1.0481E−02 1.7479E−03 −1.6586E−04 6.8349E−06 R6 −1.2372E+01  −3.0958E−04 6.9044E−05 −9.8488E−06 6.0894E−07 R7 −8.7665E+01  −9.9806E−05 −3.1610E−06   1.9887E−06 −1.3711E−07  R8 6.1479E+00  2.0927E−05 −9.8222E−06   1.4991E−06 −8.1190E−08  R9 1.7500E+02 −6.1237E−05 5.8534E−06 −3.0746E−07 6.2704E−09 R10 5.6108E+01 −7.1272E−05 6.7607E−06 −3.6816E−07 8.5701E−09 R11 1.6942E+02 −3.6349E−06 3.8217E−07 −2.2676E−08 5.4542E−10 R12 4.7195E+01  2.5049E−05 −2.0345E−06   9.5737E−08 −1.9704E−09  R13 −7.9096E+01   5.6754E−06 −4.1938E−07   1.8115E−08 −3.4798E−10  R14 −2.0000E+02   1.9729E−07 −6.7012E−09   2.7761E−11 2.2427E−12 R15 −6.5749E+00  −1.9331E−06 1.1268E−07 −3.5928E−09 4.7441E−11 R16 −2.6075E+00  −1.9267E−08 2.8602E−10 −1.2651E−12 −1.0103E−14  R17 3.0076E−01  1.7696E−08 −3.5617E−10   4.2081E−12 −2.2101E−14  R18 −1.2515E+00   1.0159E−09 1.1766E−11 −4.7589E−13 3.9234E−15

Here, K is a conic coefficient, and A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14, A16, A18 and A20 are aspheric surface coefficients.

y=(x ² /R)/{1+[1−(k+1)(x ² /R ²)]^(1/2) }+A4x ⁴ +A6x ⁶ +A8x ⁸ +A10x ¹⁰ +A12x ¹² +A14x ¹⁴ +A16x ¹⁶ +A18x ¹⁸ +A20x ²⁰  (1)

Here, x denotes a vertical distance between a point on an aspheric curve and an optical axis, and y denotes a depth of a aspheric surface (i.e. a vertical distance between a point on an aspheric surface that is x away from the optical axis, and a tangent plane tangent to an vertex of the optical axis on the aspheric surface).

For convenience, an aspheric surface of each lens surface uses the aspheric surfaces shown in the above formula (1). However, the present disclosure is not limited to the aspherical polynomials form shown in the formula (1).

Table 3 and Table 4 show design data of inflexion points and arrest points of the camera optical lens 10 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. P1R1 and P1R2 respectively represent the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the first lens L1, P2R1 and P2R2 respectively represent the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the second lens L2, P3R1 and P3R2 respectively represent the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the third lens L3, P4R1 and P4R2 respectively represent the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fourth lens L4, P5R1 and P5R2 respectively represent the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fifth lens L5, P6R1 and P6R2 respectively represent the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the sixth lens L6, P7R1 and P7R2 respectively represent the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the seventh lens L7. P8R1 and P8R2 respectively represent the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the eighth lens L8, P9R1 and P9R2 respectively represent the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the ninth lens L9. The data in the column named “inflexion point position” refer to vertical distances from inflexion points arranged on each lens surface to the optic axis of the camera optical lens 10. The data in the column named “arrest point position” refer to vertical distances from arrest points arranged on each lens surface to the optical axis of the camera optical lens 10.

TABLE 3 Number(s) Inflexion Inflexion Inflexion Inflexion Inflexion of inflexion point point point point point points position 1 position 2 position 3 position 4 position 5 P1R1 1 0.935 / / / / P1R2 1 1.365 / / / / P2R1 1 1.545 / / / / P2R2 2 1.565 1.915 / / / P3R1 1 1.975 / / / / P3R2 2 1.745 1.795 / / / P4R1 0 / / / / / P4R2 0 / / / / / P5R1 1 0.685 / / / / P5R2 2 0.975 2.485 / / / P6R1 2 0.115 1.045 / / / P6R2 0 / / / / / P7R1 2 0.935 2.145 / / / P7R2 5 0.795 1.435 2.805 3.135 3.715 P8R1 2 1.425 3.485 / / / P8R2 1 2.165 / / / / P9R1 2 2.305 5.635 / / / P9R2 3 1.155 4.995 5.725 / /

TABLE 4 Number(s) of Arrest point Arrest point arrest points position 1 position 2 P1R1 1 1.345 / P1R2 0 / / P2R1 0 / / P2R2 0 / / P3R1 0 / / P3R2 0 / / P4R1 0 / / P4R2 0 / / P5R1 1 1.035 / P5R2 1 1.495 / P6R1 2 0.195 1.445 P6R2 0 / / P7R1 2 1.475 2.505 P7R2 0 / / P8R1 1 2.605 / P8R2 1 4.565 / P9R1 2 4.745 5.925 P9R2 1 2.765 /

FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 illustrate a longitudinal aberration and a lateral color of light with wavelengths of 656 nm, 587 nm, 546 nm, 486 nm and 450 nm after passing the camera optical lens 10 according to the first embodiment, respectively. FIG. 4 illustrates a field curvature and a distortion of light with a wavelength of 546 nm after passing the camera optical lens 10 according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 4, a field curvature S is a field curvature in a sagittal direction, and T is a field curvature in a meridional direction.

Table 17 in the following shows various values of first, second, third and fourth embodiments and values corresponding to parameters which are specified in the above conditions.

As shown in Table 17, the first embodiment satisfies the above conditions.

In this Embodiment, an entrance pupil diameter (ENPD) of the camera optical lens is 3.825 mm, an image height (IH) of 1.0H is 6.300 mm, a field of view (FOV) in a diagonal direction is 77.29°. Thus, the camera optical lens meets the design requirements of a large aperture, wide-angle and ultra-thin. Its on-axis and off-axis aberrations are fully corrected, thereby achieving excellent optical characteristics.

Second Embodiment

FIG. 5 shows a camera optical lens 20 of the second embodiment of the present disclosure, the second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment and involves symbols having the same meanings as the first embodiment.

Table 5 and Table 6 show design data of the camera optical lens 20 in the second embodiment of the present disclosure.

TABLE 5 R d nd vd S1 ∞ d0= 0.100 R1 62.475 d1= 0.204 nd1 1.5444 v1 55.82 R2 6.678 d2= 0.030 R3 3.703 d3= 0.210 nd2 1.6449 v2 22.54 R4 4.498 d4= 0.030 R5 4.876 d5= 0.935 nd3 1.5444 v3 55.82 R6 −7.255 d6= 0.187 R7 20.499 d7= 0.445 nd4 1.6359 v4 23.82 R8 6.836 d8= 1.642 R9 37.204 d9= 0.272 nd5 1.6153 v5 25.94 R10 22.887 d10= 0.142 R11 −985.710 d11= 1.442 nd6 1.5346 v6 55.69 R12 −22.089 d12= 0.049 R13 −104.513 d13= 0.673 nd7 1.6610 v7 20.53 R14 10.612 d14= 0.268 R15 2.393 d15= 1.465 nd8 1.5661 v8 37.71 R16 4.668 d16= 1.859 R17 −11.789 d17= 0.680 nd9 1.6701 v9 19.39 R18 7.761 d18= 0.200 R19 ∞ d19= 0.210 ndg 1.5168 vg 64.17 R20 ∞ d20= 0.162

Table 6 shows aspherical surface data of each lens of the camera optical lens 20 in the second embodiment of the present disclosure.

TABLE 6 Conic coefficient Aspheric surface coefficients k A4 A6 A8 A10 A12 R1 −1.5979E+02 −2.1582E−03  9.8931E−03 −1.5129E−02   1.0675E−02 −4.4608E−03 R2  8.7246E+00 −5.6130E−02  9.0055E−02 −9.4450E−02   5.9995E−02 −2.4424E−02 R3  1.9446E+00 −4.4459E−02  3.5158E−02 −2.0882E−02   4.9308E−03  7.7092E−04 R4 −3.9933E+00  6.0448E−02 −1.4225E−01 1.7000E−01 −1.2054E−01  5.3731E−02 R5  3.8354E+00  5.5069E−02 −1.2810E−01 1.3969E−01 −9.1490E−02  3.7841E−02 R6 −1.1419E+01  1.5048E−03 −4.1380E−03 2.0933E−03 −3.4941E−04 −4.5070E−05 R7 −8.9367E+01  1.0103E−03 −3.7628E−03 2.5609E−03 −6.8732E−04 −1.0508E−04 R8  6.0725E+00 −8.0986E−03 −1.7046E−04 4.9725E−04 −1.2147E−04 −7.2504E−05 R9  1.7498E+02  4.9888E−03 −1.3062E−02 5.6592E−03 −1.6974E−03  3.5371E−04 R10  5.5219E+01  1.9845E−02 −1.9167E−02 7.5122E−03 −2.0871E−03  4.1863E−04 R11 −9.9000E+01  8.0357E−03 −4.6215E−03 1.0671E−03 −1.5858E−04  2.0858E−05 R12  4.5838E+01 −3.2174E−02  1.2768E−02 −4.4696E−03   1.1238E−03 −2.0114E−04 R13 −1.0249E+01 −2.9310E−03  3.5343E−03 −1.3091E−03   3.1338E−04 −5.2173E−05 R14 −2.0000E+02 −5.3893E−03  1.4221E−03 −1.2465E−04   7.9578E−06 −1.0398E−06 R15 −6.3794E+00  5.1290E−03 −3.0314E−03 6.4765E−04 −1.2123E−04  1.6547E−05 R16 −2.9062E+00  6.1030E−03 −1.7902E−03 2.0119E−04 −1.3893E−05  6.1990E−07 R17  1.8078E−01 −1.2799E−02  2.4248E−03 −2.1703E−04   1.2631E−05 −5.1281E−07 R18 −1.0202E+01 −9.5573E−03  1.2071E−03 −9.6906E−05   5.3229E−06 −2.1994E−07 Conic coefficient Aspheric surface coefficients k A14 A16 A18 A20 R1 −1.5979E+02 1.1594E−03 −1.8635E−04  1.7266E−05 −7.2067E−07 R2  8.7246E+00 6.4268E−03 −1.0692E−03  1.0356E−04 −4.5216E−06 R3  1.9446E+00 −7.8707E−04   1.8796E−04 −1.7809E−05  4.2302E−07 R4 −3.9933E+00 −1.5270E−02   2.6865E−03 −2.6654E−04  1.1398E−05 R5  3.8354E+00 −1.0015E−02   1.6486E−03 −1.5395E−04  6.2154E−06 R6 −1.1419E+01 3.7956E−06  1.2952E−05 −3.8258E−06  3.1184E−07 R7 −8.9367E+01 1.2980E−04 −3.7148E−05  4.7322E−06 −2.2895E−07 R8  6.0725E+00 5.4139E−05 −1.4331E−05  1.7597E−06 −8.2678E−08 R9  1.7498E+02 −5.0949E−05   4.7402E−06 −2.3982E−07  4.5817E−09 R10  5.5219E+01 −5.8967E−05   5.4467E−06 −2.8850E−07  6.5050E−09 R11 −9.9000E+01 −2.9252E−06   3.1267E−07 −1.8379E−08  4.3441E−10 R12  4.5838E+01 2.4890E−05 −2.0071E−06  9.3992E−08 −1.9315E−09 R13 −1.0249E+01 5.8509E−06 −4.2248E−07  1.7741E−08 −3.2978E−10 R14 −2.0000E+02 9.5784E−08 −3.3070E−09 −7.8833E−12  1.7740E−12 R15 −6.3794E+00 −1.4988E−06   8.3745E−08 −2.5603E−09  3.2339E−11 R16 −2.9062E+00 −1.7078E−08   2.4820E−10 −9.5575E−13 −1.0796E−14 R17  1.8078E−01 1.4398E−08 −2.6384E−10  2.8193E−12 −1.3334E−14 R18 −1.0202E+01 6.6139E−09 −1.2862E−10  1.3957E−12 −6.3647E−15

Table 7 and table 8 show design data of inflexion points and arrest points of each lens of the camera optical lens 20 lens according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.

TABLE 7 Number(s) of Inflexion point Inflexion point Inflexion point inflexion points position 1 position 2 position 3 P1R1 1 0.885 / / P1R2 1 1.345 / / P2R1 2 1.545 1.875 / P2R2 2 1.575 1.855 / P3R1 1 1.935 / / P3R2 0 / / / P4R1 0 / / / P4R2 0 / / / P5R1 2 0.675 2.435 / P5R2 2 0.985 2.485 / P6R1 2 0.105 1.045 / P6R2 0 / / / P7R1 2 0.865 2.245 / P7R2 3 0.865 1.375 3.705 P8R1 3 1.465 3.525 4.005 P8R2 1 2.185 / / P9R1 2 2.325 5.675 / P9R2 3 1.145 4.965 5.785

TABLE 8 Number of Arrest point Arrest point arrest points position 1 position 2 P1R1 1 1.275 / P1R2 0 / / P2R1 0 / / P2R2 0 / / P3R1 0 / / P3R2 0 / / P4R1 0 / / P4R2 0 / / P5R1 1 1.025 / P5R2 1 1.505 / P6R1 2 0.185 1.445 P6R2 0 / / P7R1 2 1.325 2.665 P7R2 0 / / P8R1 1 2.665 / P8R2 1 4.515 / P9R1 2 4.845 6.005 P9R2 1 2.795 /

FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 illustrate a longitudinal aberration and a lateral color of light with wavelengths of 656 nm, 587 nm, 546 nm, 486 nm and 450 nm after passing the camera optical lens 20 according to the second embodiment. FIG. 8 illustrates a field curvature and a distortion of light with a wavelength of 546 nm after passing the camera optical lens 20 according to the second embodiment. A field curvature S in FIG. 8 is a field curvature in a sagittal direction, and T is a field curvature in a meridian direction.

As shown in Table 17, the second embodiment satisfies the above conditions.

In this embodiment, an entrance pupil diameter (ENPD) of the camera optical lens 20 is 3.825 mm, an image height (IH) of 1.0H is 6.300 mm, a field of view (FOV) in a diagonal direction is 77.30°. Thus, the camera optical lens 20 meets the design requirements of a large aperture, wide-angle and ultra-thin. Its on-axis and off-axis aberrations are fully corrected, thereby achieving excellent optical characteristics.

Third Embodiment

FIG. 9 shows a camera optical lens 30 of the third embodiment of the present disclosure, the third embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment and involves symbols having the same meanings as the first embodiment, and only differences therebetween will be described in the following.

In this embodiment, the object-side surface of the first lens L1 is concave in the paraxial region, the object-side surface of the sixth lens L6 is convex in the paraxial region, the object-side surface of the seventh lens L7 is convex in the paraxial region, and the fourth lens L4 has positive refractive power.

Table 9 and Table 10 show design data of the camera optical lens 30 in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

TABLE 9 R d nd vd S1 ∞ d0= 0.100 R1 −119.237 d1= 0.200 nd1 1.6479 v1 21.96 R2 5.782 d2= 0.030 R3 3.488 d3= 0.214 nd2 1.6449 v2 22.54 R4 4.852 d4= 0.030 R5 5.019 d5= 0.860 nd3 1.5444 v3 55.82 R6 −24.887 d6= 0.391 R7 6.712 d7= 0.445 nd4 1.6359 v4 23.82 R8 11.817 d8= 1.680 R9 37.391 d9= 0.250 nd5 1.6153 v5 25.94 R10 21.897 d10= 0.274 R11 567.066 d11= 1.220 nd6 1.5346 v6 55.69 R12 −20.099 d12= 0.030 R13 34.429 d13= 0.290 nd7 1.6610 v7 20.53 R14 6.743 d14= 0.224 R15 2.394 d15= 1.114 nd8 1.5661 v8 37.71 R16 3.856 d16= 2.177 R17 −13.477 d17= 0.553 nd9 1.6701 v9 19.39 R18 7.876 d18= 0.200 R19 ∞ d19= 0.210 ndg 1.5168 vg 64.17 R20 ∞ d20= 0.148

Table 10 shows aspherical surface data of each lens of the camera optical lens 30 in the third embodiment of the present disclosure.

TABLE 10 Conic coefficient Aspheric surface coefficients k A4 A6 A8 A10 A12 R1 9.0000E+01 −4.8568E−03  7.4461E−03 −9.7992E−03 7.4667E−03 −3.5622E−03 R2 6.3810E+00 −5.0241E−02  6.2986E−02 −6.4937E−02 4.3316E−02 −1.9091E−02 R3 1.6162E+00 −4.6608E−02  4.1172E−02 −3.5828E−02 1.9899E−02 −7.5292E−03 R4 −5.2124E+00   2.4929E−02 −4.8733E−02  5.6252E−02 −4.0271E−02   1.8351E−02 R5 3.7515E+00  1.7738E−02 −3.9638E−02  4.0650E−02 −2.5334E−02   9.8433E−03 R6 1.2515E+00 −6.2292E−04  8.0293E−04 −8.7007E−04 7.3724E−04 −3.7908E−04 R7 −1.8421E+01   2.4729E−03 −1.1420E−03  2.6537E−05 5.5720E−05 −1.8527E−05 R8 5.3973E+00 −5.7334E−03 −3.2366E−04  5.6818E−05 −8.9277E−05   6.8450E−05 R9 1.2386E+02  2.1733E−03 −7.6968E−03  1.4275E−03 1.4762E−04 −1.4931E−04 R10 5.8080E+01  1.2080E−02 −9.3644E−03  1.5962E−03 1.7105E−04 −1.3917E−04 R11 −3.9977E+03   2.9291E−03  3.0085E−04 −9.9800E−04 3.7187E−04 −6.7493E−05 R12 4.5209E+01 −3.9723E−02  1.9969E−02 −8.0237E−03 2.2401E−03 −4.4128E−04 R13 −9.0000E+01  −4.9852E−03  4.1478E−03 −1.7905E−03 5.0876E−04 −9.9985E−05 R14 −8.8248E+01   3.2271E−03 −2.9263E−03  1.2230E−03 −2.7061E−04   3.5549E−05 R15 −8.1758E+00   3.1883E−03 −3.7978E−03  8.6253E−04 −1.7427E−04   2.7595E−05 R16 −4.1891E+00   4.9143E−03 −1.9143E−03  2.5050E−04 −2.0238E−05   1.1094E−06 R17 2.0295E+00 −1.6013E−02  3.1688E−03 −3.0752E−04 1.9333E−05 −8.4003E−07 R18 −2.5143E+01  −8.5674E−03  1.2369E−03 −1.0065E−04 4.9318E−06 −1.4785E−07 Conic coefficient Aspheric surface coefficients k A14 A16 A18 A20 R1 9.0000E+01 1.1014E−03 −2.1725E−04 2.5046E−05 −1.2886E−06 R2 6.3810E+00 5.5531E−03 −1.0391E−03 1.1451E−04 −5.7029E−06 R3 1.6162E+00 1.9878E−03 −3.7624E−04 4.7114E−05 −2.8497E−06 R4 −5.2124E+00  −5.3611E−03   9.6822E−04 −9.7794E−05   4.1967E−06 R5 3.7515E+00 −2.4213E−03   3.6760E−04 −3.1484E−05   1.1481E−06 R6 1.2515E+00 1.0370E−04 −1.3277E−05 4.2469E−07  2.5111E−08 R7 −1.8421E+01  −6.2377E−06   5.3996E−06 −1.1020E−06   7.3617E−08 R8 5.3973E+00 −3.2298E−05   9.2994E−06 −1.3372E−06   7.5282E−08 R9 1.2386E+02 3.6509E−05 −4.4982E−06 3.0207E−07 −9.9170E−09 R10 5.8080E+01 3.0288E−05 −3.3459E−06 1.8917E−07 −4.3972E−09 R11 −3.9977E+03  6.1999E−06 −1.9292E−07 −9.9598E−09   6.7953E−10 R12 4.5209E+01 6.0337E−05 −5.4458E−06 2.9065E−07 −6.9445E−09 R13 −9.0000E+01  1.3080E−05 −1.0900E−06 5.2344E−08 −1.1093E−09 R14 −8.8248E+01  −2.9195E−06   1.4718E−07 −4.1410E−09   4.9488E−11 R15 −8.1758E+00  −3.1118E−06   2.2860E−07 −9.4247E−09   1.6212E−10 R16 −4.1891E+00  −4.1477E−08   1.0116E−09 −1.4456E−11   9.1244E−14 R17 2.0295E+00 2.5265E−08 −5.0208E−10 5.9105E−12 −3.1112E−14 R18 −2.5143E+01  2.5690E−09 −2.3662E−11 1.3122E−13 −8.7234E−16

Table 11 and Table 12 show design data inflexion points and arrest points of the respective lenses in the camera optical lens 30 according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure.

TABLE 11 Number(s) of Inflexion point Inflexion point inflexion points position 1 position 2 P1R1 0 / / P1R2 1 1.525 / P2R1 1 1.445 / P2R2 1 1.525 / P3R1 1 1.895 / P3R2 0 / / P4R1 0 / / P4R2 2 1.075 1.855 P5R1 1 0.685 / P5R2 2 1.045 2.215 P6R1 1 1.225 / P6R2 0 / / P7R1 1 1.855 / P7R2 1 2.265 / P8R1 2 1.215 3.115 P8R2 1 1.905 / P9R1 2 2.305 5.705 P9R2 1 1.045 /

TABLE 12 Number of arrest points Arrest point position 1 P1R1 0 / P1R2 0 / P2R1 0 / P2R2 0 / P3R1 0 / P3R2 0 / P4R1 0 / P4R2 0 / P5R1 1 1.025 P5R2 1 1.615 P6R1 1 1.665 P6R2 0 / P7R1 1 2.365 P7R2 1 3.165 P8R1 1 2.245 P8R2 1 4.275 P9R1 1 4.835 P9R2 1 3.145

FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 illustrate a longitudinal aberration and a lateral color of light with wavelengths of 656 nm, 587 nm, 546 nm, 486 nm and 450 nm after passing the camera optical lens 30 according to the third embodiment, respectively. FIG. 12 illustrates a field curvature and a distortion of light with a wavelength of 546 nm after passing the camera optical lens 30 according to the third embodiment. In FIG. 12, a field curvature S is a field curvature in a sagittal direction, and T is a field curvature in a meridional direction.

Table 17 in the following lists values corresponding to the respective conditions in the embodiment according to the above conditions. Obviously, the camera optical lens 30 in the embodiment satisfies the above conditions.

In this embodiment, an entrance pupil diameter (ENPD) of the camera optical lens 30 is 3.825 mm, an image height (IH) of 1.0H is 6.300 mm, a field of view (FOV) in a diagonal direction is 77.29°. Thus, the camera optical lens 30 meets the design requirements of a large aperture, wide-angle and ultra-thin. Its on-axis and off-axis aberrations are fully corrected, thereby achieving excellent optical characteristics.

Fourth Embodiment

FIG. 13 shows a camera optical lens 40 of the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure, the fourth embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment and involves symbols having the same meanings as the first embodiment, and only differences therebetween will be described in the following.

In this embodiment, the camera optical lens 40 includes, from an object side to an image side: a first lens L1, a second lens L2, an aperture S1, a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, a sixth lens L6, a seventh lens L7, an eighth lens L8 and an ninth lens L9. The object-side surface of the first lens L1 is concave in a paraxial region, the object-side surface of the seventh lens L7 is convex in the paraxial region and the fourth lens L4 has positive refractive power.

Table 13 and Table 14 show design data of the camera optical lens 40 in the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

TABLE 13 R d nd vd S1 ∞ d0= −0.820 R1 −8.754 d1= 0.200 nd1 1.6479 v1 21.96 R2 5.627 d2= 0.034 R3 3.482 d3= 0.288 nd2 1.6331 v2 23.86 R4 10.045 d4= 0.030 R5 5.003 d5= 1.089 nd3 1.5444 v3 55.82 R6 −43.481 d6= 0.390 R7 7.476 d7= 0.445 nd4 1.6359 v4 23.82 R8 27.230 d8= 1.537 R9 34.679 d9= 0.250 nd5 1.6153 v5 25.94 R10 18.877 d10= 0.592 R11 −341.985 d11= 1.089 nd6 1.5346 v6 55.69 R12 −15.485 d12= 0.030 R13 19.967 d13= 0.274 nd7 1.6610 v7 20.53 R14 5.177 d14= 0.120 R15 2.616 d15= 1.366 nd8 1.5661 v8 37.71 R16 4.342 d16= 2.117 R17 −14.332 d17= 0.472 nd9 1.6701 v9 19.39 R18 8.437 d18= 0.200 R19 ∞ d19= 0.210 ndg 1.5168 vg 64.17 R20 ∞ d20= 0.142

Table 14 shows aspherical surface data of each lens of the camera optical lens 40 in the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

TABLE 14 Conic coefficient Aspheric surface coefficients k A4 A6 A8 A10 A12 R1 −8.2135E+01 −7.8623E−04  5.1748E−03 −3.4058E−03 1.4900E−03 −4.6490E−04 R2  5.2923E+00 −5.7612E−02  4.8368E−02 −2.9040E−02 1.2576E−02 −3.8395E−03 R3  1.3612E+00 −6.0358E−02  3.9276E−02 −2.3013E−02 9.9258E−03 −3.1221E−03 R4  7.6071E+00  2.1383E−02 −1.8550E−02  1.5118E−02 −9.3919E−03   3.9291E−03 R5  3.6982E+00  1.2778E−03 −5.9521E−03  5.8930E−03 −4.0937E−03   1.6158E−03 R6 −7.5492E+01 −3.7933E−03  9.8363E−04 −4.4891E−04 1.6103E−04 −4.5928E−05 R7 −2.9998E+01  2.0564E−03 −2.1157E−03  4.7906E−04 −1.2989E−04   3.0524E−05 R8 −1.4803E+01 −6.8795E−03 −1.0172E−04 −6.1153E−04 6.7191E−04 −4.1688E−04 R9  1.6700E+02  6.3092E−04 −2.0789E−03  2.8727E−04 1.4133E−04 −8.1631E−05 R10  5.1048E+01  4.3784E−03 −2.3470E−03  4.3092E−04 5.6218E−05 −3.7750E−05 R11  7.6465E+01 −2.8732E−04  6.0802E−04 −5.2705E−04 1.0261E−04  3.1198E−06 R12  3.1110E+01 −5.0102E−02  2.8922E−02 −1.3502E−02 4.4192E−03 −1.0115E−03 R13 −2.5970E+02 −1.7189E−02  9.2911E−03 −4.6510E−03 1.5935E−03 −3.5852E−04 R14 −6.3060E+01  2.2792E−03 −4.6128E−03  1.8384E−03 −3.5895E−04   4.0134E−05 R15 −1.3222E+01  1.9260E−05 −3.7132E−03  9.9887E−04 −1.6995E−04   1.8697E−05 R16 −3.9091E+00  3.5794E−04 −7.9365E−04  1.0238E−04 −7.3189E−06   3.3314E−07 R17  8.7197E−01 −1.4803E−02  3.2306E−03 −3.5851E−04 2.5482E−05 −1.2040E−06 R18 −3.7349E+01 −6.8652E−03  1.0260E−03 −8.9352E−05 4.7400E−06 −1.6097E−07 Conic coefficient Aspheric surface coefficients k A14 A16 A18 A20 R1 −8.2135E+01 1.0025E−04 −1.4021E−05 1.1337E−06 −3.9805E−08 R2  5.2923E+00 7.6152E−04 −8.6498E−05 3.9010E−06  5.7032E−08 R3  1.3612E+00 6.3202E−04 −6.8521E−05 1.6833E−06  2.2290E−07 R4  7.6071E+00 −1.1054E−03   2.0477E−04 −2.2866E−05   1.1736E−06 R5  3.6982E+00 −3.6661E−04   4.4384E−05 −2.0833E−06  −3.6792E−08 R6 −7.5492E+01 5.2545E−06  9.0306E−07 −2.5055E−07   7.5101E−09 R7 −2.9998E+01 −2.4455E−06  −6.5681E−07 3.5750E−07 −4.2809E−08 R8 −1.4803E+01 1.6220E−04 −3.7872E−05 4.9884E−06 −2.8222E−07 R9  1.6700E+02 1.9784E−05 −2.7405E−06 2.2109E−07 −8.7848E−09 R10  5.1048E+01 7.2783E−06 −7.7190E−07 5.2134E−08 −2.1557E−09 R11  7.6465E+01 −4.6007E−06   8.3511E−07 −7.1703E−08   2.5843E−09 R12  3.1110E+01 1.5887E−04 −1.6343E−05 9.9150E−07 −2.6972E−08 R13 −2.5970E+02 5.2151E−05 −4.7837E−06 2.5296E−07 −5.9000E−09 R14 −6.3060E+01 −2.6817E−06   1.0565E−07 −2.2612E−09   2.0266E−11 R15 −1.3222E+01 −1.2486E−06   5.1163E−08 −1.3499E−09   1.9945E−11 R16 −3.9091E+00 −9.8556E−09   1.8309E−10 −1.9388E−12   8.8618E−15 R17  8.7197E−01 3.7516E−08 −7.3942E−10 8.3451E−12 −4.1070E−14 R18 −3.7349E+01 3.4543E−09 −4.4517E−11 3.1066E−13 −8.9624E−16

Table 15 and Table 16 show design data inflexion points and arrest points of the respective lenses in the camera optical lens 40 according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

TABLE 15 Number(s) of Inflexion Inflexion Inflexion Inflexion inflexion point point point point points position 1 position 2 position 3 position 4 P1R1 1 0.975 / / / P1R2 0 / / / / P2R1 1 1.585 / / / P2R2 0 / / / / P3R1 1 1.965 / / / P3R2 0 / / / / P4R1 2 1.265 1.705 / / P4R2 2 0.655 1.815 / / P5R1 1 1.035 / / / P5R2 0 / / / / P6R1 0 / / / / P6R2 0 / / / / P7R1 1 0.525 / / / P7R2 4 0.985 1.815 2.385 2.825 P8R1 2 1.045 2.825 / / P8R2 1 1.925 / / / P9R1 1 2.335 / / / P9R2 2 1.065 5.995 / /

TABLE 16 Number of arrest points Arrest point position 1 P1R1 1 2.115 P1R2 0 / P2R1 0 / P2R2 0 / P3R1 0 / P3R2 0 / P4R1 0 / P4R2 1 1.105 P5R1 1 1.745 P5R2 0 / P6R1 0 / P6R2 0 / P7R1 1 1.015 P7R2 0 / P8R1 1 2.145 P8R2 1 4.245 P9R1 1 5.175 P9R2 1 2.995

FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 respectively illustrate a longitudinal aberration and a lateral color of light with wavelengths of 656 nm, 587 nm, 546 nm, 486 nm and 450 nm after passing the camera optical lens 40 according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 16 illustrates a field curvature and a distortion of light with a wavelength of 546 nm after passing the camera optical lens 40 according to the fourth embodiment. A field curvature S in FIG. 16 is a field curvature in a sagittal direction, and T is a field curvature in a meridian direction.

Table 17 in the following lists values corresponding to the respective conditions in the embodiment according to the above conditions. Obviously, the camera optical lens 40 in the embodiment satisfies the above conditions.

In this embodiment, an entrance pupil diameter (ENPD) of the camera optical lens 40 is 3.825 mm, an image height (IH) of 1.0H is 6.300 mm, a field of view (FOV) in a diagonal direction is 77.20°. Thus, the camera optical lens 40 meets the design requirements of a large aperture, wide-angle and ultra-thin. Its on-axis and off-axis aberrations are fully corrected, thereby achieving excellent optical characteristics.

TABLE 17 Parameters and First Second Third Fourth conditions Embodiment Embodiment Embodiment Embodiment f1/f −1.79 −1.79 −1.10 −0.68 d5/d6 7.90 5.00 2.20 2.79 f6/f 5.62 5.50 4.73 3.94 f 7.650 7.650 7.650 7.650 f1 −13.693 −13.693 −8.415 −5.202 f2 26.224 29.124 17.928 8.194 f3 5.444 5.483 7.718 8.273 f4 −15.198 −16.177 23.394 15.905 f5 −99.426 −96.490 −85.639 −67.130 f6 42.955 42.063 36.181 30.176 f7 −13.848 −14.375 −12.593 −10.530 f8 6.928 6.986 8.687 8.977 f9 −6.892 −6.805 −7.254 −7.765 f12 −27.644 −24.999 −15.410 −14.194 FNO 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 TTL 11.097 11.105 10.540 10.875 IH 6.300 6.300 6.300 6.300 FOV 77.29° 77.30° 77.29° 77.20°

It can be appreciated by one having ordinary skill in the art that the description above is only embodiments of the present disclosure. In practice, one having ordinary skill in the art can make various modifications to these embodiments in forms and details without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A camera optical lens, comprising nine lenses, the nine lenses from an object side to an image side being: a first lens having a negative refractive power; a second lens having a positive refractive power; a third lens having a positive refractive power; a fourth lens; a fifth lens with a negative refractive power; a sixth lens with a positive refractive power; a seventh lens with a negative refractive power; an eighth lens with a positive refractive power; and an ninth lens with a negative refractive power; wherein the camera optical lens satisfies following conditions: −1.80≤f1/f≤−0.60; 2.00≤d5/d6≤8.00; 3.50≤f6/f≤6.00; where f denotes a focal length of the camera optical lens; f1 denotes a focal length of the first lens; f6 denotes a focal length of the sixth lens; d5 denotes an on-axis thickness of the third lens; d6 denotes an on-axis distance from an image-side surface of the third lens to an object-side surface of the fourth lens.
 2. The camera optical lens according to claim 1, further satisfying following conditions: 0.20≤R7/R8≤3 0.50; where R7 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the fourth lens; R8 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the fourth lens.
 3. The camera optical lens according to claim 1, further satisfying following conditions: 0.11≤(R1+R2)/(R1−R2)≤1.88; 0.01≤d1/TTL≤0.03; where R1 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the first lens; R2 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the first lens; d1 denotes an on-axis thickness of the first lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.
 4. The camera optical lens according to claim 1, further satisfying following conditions: 0.54≤f2/f≤5.71; −20.63≤(R3+R4)/(R3−R4)≤−1.37; 0.01≤d3/TTL≤0.04; where f2 denotes a focal length of the second lens; R3 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the second lens; R4 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the second lens; d3 denotes an on-axis thickness of the second lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.
 5. The camera optical lens according to claim 1, further satisfying following conditions: 0.36≤f3/f≤1.62; −1.59≤(R5+R6)/(R5−R6)≤−0.11; 0.04≤d5/TTL≤0.15; where f3 denotes a focal length of the third lens; R5 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the third lens; R6 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the third lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.
 6. The camera optical lens according to claim 1, further satisfying following conditions: −4.23≤f4/f≤4.59; −7.26≤(R7+R8)/(R7−R8)≤3.00; 0.02≤d7/TTL≤0.06; where f4 denotes a focal length of the fourth lens; R7 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the fourth lens; R8 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the fourth lens; d7 denotes an on-axis thickness of the fourth lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.
 7. The camera optical lens according to claim 1, further satisfying following conditions: −25.99≤f5/f≤−5.85; 1.69≤(R9+R10)/(R9−R10)≤6.48; 0.01≤d9/TTL≤0.04; where f5 denotes a focal length of the fifth lens; R9 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the fifth lens; R10 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the fifth lens; d9 denotes an on-axis thickness of the fifth lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.
 8. The camera optical lens according to claim 1, further satisfying following conditions: 0.47≤(R11+R12)/(R11−R12)≤1.64; 0.05≤d11/TTL≤0.20; where R11 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the sixth lens; R12 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the sixth lens; d11 denotes an on-axis thickness of the sixth lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.
 9. The camera optical lens according to claim 1, further satisfying following conditions: −3.76≤f7/f≤−0.92; 0.39≤(R13+R14)/(R13-R14)≤2.55; 0.01≤d13/TTL≤0.09; where f7 denotes a focal length of the seventh lens; R13 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the seventh lens; R14 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the seventh lens; d13 denotes an on-axis thickness of the seventh lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.
 10. The camera optical lens according to claim 1, further satisfying following conditions: 0.45≤f8/f≤1.76; −8.55≤(R15+R16)/(R15-R16)≤−2.07; 0.05≤d15/TTL≤0.20; where f8 denotes a focal length of the eighth lens; R15 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the eighth lens; R16 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the eighth lens; d15 denotes an on-axis thickness of the eighth lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens.
 11. The camera optical lens according to claim 1, further satisfying following conditions: −2.03≤f9/f≤−0.59; 0.09≤(R17+R18)/(R17-R18)≤0.39; 0.02≤d17/TTL≤0.09; where f9 denotes a focal length of the ninth lens; R17 denotes a central curvature radius of an object-side surface of the ninth lens; R18 denotes a central curvature radius of an image-side surface of the ninth lens; d17 denotes an on-axis thickness of the ninth lens; TTL denotes a total track length of the camera optical lens. 